Metallurgical industry can be divided into ferrous metallurgy industry and non-ferrous metallurgy industry. Ferrous metallurgy mainly refers to the production of pig iron, steel and ferroalloys (such as ferrochrome, ferromanganese, etc.), while nonferrous metallurgy refers to the production of all kinds of metals except the latter. The ironmaking production process equipment is complex, the operation type is many, the working environment is bad, and the labor intensity is big.

The main hazard sources in the process of ironmaking are: smoke and dust, noise, high temperature radiation, hot metal and slag splashing and explosion, blast furnace gas poisoning, blast furnace gas combustion explosion, pulverized coal explosion, machine and vehicle injury, high-altitude operation risk, etc. According to the statistics of accident data over the years.

The main accident categories in ironmaking production are: burning, machine injury, vehicle injury, object strike, gas poisoning and all kinds of explosion accidents. In addition, electric shock, falling accidents, pneumoconiosis, silicosis and chronic carbon monoxide poisoning and other occupational diseases often occur.

The main causes of the accident are: human factors, management reasons and material reasons. The main human reasons are illegal operation, followed by misoperation and physical fatigue. The main reason of management is that they do not know or are not familiar with the operation technology and the labor organization is unreasonable.

Secondly, the lack of on-site inspection guidance, imperfect safety regulations, and technical and design defects. The main material reasons are the defects of facilities (spare) tools, the lack or defect of personal protective equipment, and the defects of protection and insurance devices and poor working environment.